Cleopatra

Queen of Egypt

Became queen upon the death of her father, Ptolemy XII, in the year 51 BC and ruled successively with her two brothers Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV (.., 67) and her son Ptolemy XV Caesarion after the victory of the armies of the Roman Octavian (Emperor Augustus new later) on its common , Cleopatra committed suicide and so did Anthony, Egypt signed under the control of the Romans.

Her life and rule

I was born the year 69 BC, Cleopatra was described as actively influenced Romanian politics at a critical period, as has been described as came to represent, as it did not do any other woman of antiquity, the first model to romantic glamorous women.

She is the daughter of King Ptolemy XII "Olitis", and had as much to Cleopatra to become the last queen of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which ruled Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and annexed to Rome in 30 BC.

Foundations Alexander officer Ptolemy dynasty, who became King Ptolemy I, the ruler of Egypt. Cleopatra was of the Ptolemaic dynasty, they are for political reasons, calling itself the title of "the new Isis" which make it distinct from the title Queen Cleobatraaiih, which also claimed it living embodiment of the goddess Isis.

When Ptolemy XII died in 51 BC, he moved the throne to his young son, Ptolemy XIII, and his daughter Cleopatra VII.

Cleopatra is known to be the 18-year-old daughter was older brother about eight years, becoming the dominant ruling. Evidence suggests that the first decree in which the name of Ptolemy Cleopatra was preceded in October the year 50 BC.

Cleopatra realized she needed to support the Romans, or more specifically to support Caesar, if it is restored to the throne.

Cleopatra and Julius Caesar

Sculpture of Queen Cleopatra and her son Caesarion at the Temple of Dendera

Historians say that both Cleopatra and Caesar in order to use other, Fiqisr the money sought to pay off the debt incurred from the father of Cleopatra Aolitis, in order to retain the throne. While that Cleopatra was determined to retain the throne, and if possible to restore the glories of the early Ptolemaic and recover as much as possible of the grip, which included Syria, Palestine and Cyprus. And strengthened the bonds of the relationship between them and bore him after leaving a child called Ptolemy Caesar or Ptolemy XV (and called Alaxanderaon the name out Caesarion Kaisarion).

Composition of the Army and response to her brother

King signed Ptolemy XIII under the influence of his advisers who worked on the dimensions of Cleopatra and expelled from Alexandria to private power, resorted to the east of Egypt and was able to recruit an army of nomads to regain its position. Upon arrival at Beloziom (Port Said now) where it was addressed by the Army, her brother, and reached the ship Roman leader Pompey (Pompeius) Following his defeat at the Battle of Ersalos (48 BC)., What was the guardians of the king, but the masterminds of his death, and gave the head to victorious commander Julius Caesar, who arrived in Alexandria on October 2 in 48 BC. AD. Has succeeded Cleopatra in penetrating the ranks of opponents after he tried to her brother Ptolemy XIII closer to the Tsar, where he found an opportunity to declare his loyalty to the full, and worked as a capacity to obey Him and to draw closer to him, Thus began a historical relationship between Caesar and Cleopatra in the royal palace, has decided to stand by its side and bring it back to throne of Egypt. But the guardians of her brother incited the masses of Alexandria against Cleopatra, marching army loyal to them and surrounded Caesar and Cleopatra in the royal palace, and began a war of Alexandria, which resolved Julius Caesar at the beginning of the year 47 BC., After that it relates to Alastagathat and ended with the killing of King Ptolemy XIII and his aides, and took Cleopatra the throne of Egypt with her younger brother Ptolemy XIV and Caesar remained to her three months.

Cleopatra and Antony

Map land and territories that wisdom Alexandria as a result give by Marcus Antonios to Kliopatrao of her children in the year 34 BC. M. ..

After the assassination of Caesar in Rome that divided the Kingdom among the greatest commanders Octavius ​​and Antonius Vorteuractavios that includes Egypt to the Empire Romania, but he had a lot of consequences, and most Antony "Marc Anthony" who wanted to be alone by virtue of the empire Romania, and then I thought of Cleopatra that become the wife of Marcus Antonius, who has judged on what the empire Romania., where he was Marc Anthony to Egypt and came to him Cleopatra hidden fear of revolutions Egyptians against it and was Mokhtboh in a carpet and left them in front of Anthony bride sea is at its best and signed Anthony in love with her

Marc Anthony was married to the sister Octavia Octavius ​​(August) and to prevent the Romans to marry a non-Roman and here appeared problem relates to Pkliopatra and became an ally rather than to include Egypt, the Roman Empire. And that was the cause of enmity between August and Antonios because Octavia was the sister of August were divided empire Romania to the east and west, and the East, including Egypt's share of Antonius, and it was natural to become Cleopatra under the authority of the new Antonius, Feltharabh weapon of love and beauty, and did not wait until comes to in Alexandria, but sailed on a ship Pharaonic gold luxurious beaches of Egypt, and was Antonios had been sent in the request in 41 BC. AD when he arrived to the city of Tarsus in Cilicia, to Ahasabha its position on the AC and non-support for the supporters of Julius Caesar.

I was impressed by Cleopatra Bantonius not only to shape where it was and especially (in the words of historians) but also for his intelligence because all expectations at this time was confirmed win Antonius, then prepared Antonios an army of the most powerful armies and followed Cleopatra army closely followed the war plan.

Battle of Actium

Held naval battle of Actium interval western Greece in 31 BC. Decided the fate of the war. Lost Antonios much of his ships in his attempt to break the siege, which struck around him, and accelerated events and worked Cleopatra everything in its power to avoid disaster after the arrival of news of the defeat to Egypt, and the Antonios trying desperately to deal with the forces Octavjnos, Caesar Rome's New, which reached the outskirts of Alexandria in the summer of 30 BC., which was found in Anthony obstacle to the lead at the verdict but his efforts went in vain, and when he reached false news of the death of Cleopatra preferred death to life.

Suicide rather than families

At dawn one day in mid-August, 30 BC. M made a Khaddam Queen Cleopatra Snake Cobra ((likely she Cobra Egyptian)) and the way she committed suicide after hearing the defeat of her husband Roman leader Marc Antony in the war, it was a snake cobra poison has been the slogan of ownership in the Ptolemaic period above the heads of kings, were two of the snakes if Jazz us to believe the words of the Roman poets Virgil and Horace Brobbertios Propertius Some historians have stated that the property left shoulder is received by the first deadly sting and others said that the left breast Cleopatra naked. Committed suicide Cleopatra in a state of despair these that put viper on her chest and the gaseous new Octavius ​​Caesar hoped to be going the queen, who controls Egypt's triumph in Rome but soon I see her body and head of government regulation, announced annexed Egypt to the Sultan of Romanian people, and was announced in a short sentence very comprises no more than five words. After the death of Cleopatra Romans killed her son Caesarion, fearing that calls for the Roman empire heir of Julius Caesar and his crown. Cleopatra VII portrayed on the coin displayed in the Museum of Alexandria, tells the story of Cleopatra, which inspired poets and book stories. The substance of the play (Antony and Cleopatra) of William Shakespeare's play (everything for love) 1977 John Dryden and play (Caesar and Cleopatra), George Bernard Shaw and a glossary of my hair in the suicide of Cleopatra poet Ahmed Shawqi. Cleopatra VII was the last ruler of the Ptolemies in Egypt, has surpassed her predecessors in the intelligence, prudence and ambition. And Cleopatra sailed high over the throne and ruled Egypt for twenty years (from 51 to 30 BC.). Cleopatra image appeared in ancient Egyptian currency as a woman with a lively sorties Bahia thin mouth and Savitan eyes. Cleopatra one prominent in history Knfrtia and Semiramis and Scheherazade.

Deny the story of suicide snake bite

Denied Professor Christoph Schaefer ((professor of history at the University of Trier West Germany)) and the fact the death of Cleopatra inspired snake cobra and likely she died to drink a combination or cocktail of drugs and was based on what went on to bite the snake was presented Cleopatra to severe pain and severe, long before death beside the mutilations that it will be attached to a beautiful woman and very proud of her beauty